In Switzerland and abroad, to carry out all activities of direct or indirect participation in all commercial, financial, real estate, and industrial companies and enterprises, in the sense of a holding company. The Company may engage, either for its own account or for the account of third parties, in all commercial, financial, securities, or real estate transactions (excluding transactions prohibited by the LFAIE), directly or indirectly related to its main purpose. It may also establish branches and/or subsidiaries in Switzerland and abroad. The Company may also grant loans to its shareholders and/or guarantee, endorse, or stand as a surety for loans granted by third parties to its shareholders.