The acquisition, holding, permanent management, including shares of companies and investments in trade, services and industry in Switzerland and abroad, as well as their financing. The company can take participations, sell and manage them, participate in other companies and create subsidiaries in all areas except real estate. All financing and external credit activities and loans, credits to national and foreign companies, guarantees and sureties for subsidiaries and third parties, restructuring and intercession measures in favor of shareholders. All investment activities, in particular in shares, securities portfolios and financial instruments of all kinds, including third-party financing activities and the issuance of debt securities by issuers in the context of private placement transactions (bonds, medium-term notes, bank guarantees, standby credits). All commercial activities of all types of goods worldwide, in particular the trade in goods; acquisition, management and disposal of copyrights, patents, licenses, property rights, know-how and commercial exploitation of all kinds; business consulting, in particular with regard to the creation, acquisition, merger, transformation, sale and liquidation of companies, as well as in the areas of project development and management, corporate financing and restructuring. The purchase, sale, holding, valuation of companies in all areas except real estate.