Financial and industrial participation, directly or indirectly, in companies in Switzerland and abroad. The company may establish branches and subsidiaries in Switzerland and abroad. It may acquire, sell, operate, license and acquire patents and, in general, carry out all transactions in direct or indirect relation to its purpose. It may grant loans to its shareholders or third parties, guarantee loans subscribed by its shareholders or third parties, secure its loans by issuing or pledging mortgage bonds or by subscribing to any other financial commitment, pledge its assets or guarantee any claim. The company may carry out all operations which, in the opinion of its management, are favorable to its purpose or useful for the placement of its funds. It may also acquire, hold or dispose of real estate.